Introduction to Web development Interview Questions and Answers
Web developments broadly refer to the tasks associated with developing web pages for hosting via the internet or intranet. The web development process includes web designing, web content development, client-side/ server-side scripting and network security configuration.
Web development hierarchy is as follows.
- Client-side scripting
- Server-side scripting
- Database technology
Client-Server Architecture
The client is the receiving end of the service or the requestor of the service in a client/server model type of system. This client is most often located on another system or computer which can be accessed over the network.
The server is a computer, a device, or program that is dedicated to managing network resources. Servers are often referred to as dedicated because they carry out hardly any other tasks apart from their server tasks.
Client/server architecture is a computing model in which the server hosts, delivers, and manages most of the resources and services to be consumed by the client. This type of architecture has one or more client computers connected to a central server over a network or internet connection. This system shares computing resources.
The client-server architecture is also known as a network computing model or client/server network because all the requests and services are delivered over the network.
Website Architecture
A website is a collection of publicly accessible, interlinked web pages that share a single domain name. websites can be created and maintained by an individual, group, business or organization to serve a variety of purposes.
Website architecture is the planning and design of the technical, functional, and visual components of a website before it is designed, developed, and deployed. It is used by website designers and developers as a means to design and develop a website.
Web Development Types of website
Static websites
Also known as flat or stationary websites. They are loaded on the client’s browser as exactly as they are stored on a web server. The user can use only information but cannot do any modification or interact with the information. Static websites are created using only HTML and created only when information is no more required to be modified.
Dynamic websites
Dynamic websites show different information at different points in time. It is possible to change a portion of a web page without loading the entire web page. It has been made possible using AJAX technology.
Web page anatomy
A website consists of the following components
- Containing block
A container is mostly the body tag of a page, which as all div tags.
- Logo
The logo defines the identity of the website.
- Navigation
The site’s navigation system should be easy to find and use.
- Content
The content on the website should be relevant to the purpose of the website.
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- Footer
Usually contains copyright, contract, and legal information as well few links to the main section of the website.
- Whitespace
Also known as negative space refers to an area that is not covered by type or illustrations.
Knowing all the terms lets understand the process of web development. It involves all the steps that are necessary to take to build an attractive, effective, and responsive website.
For a successful web developer, one should have the following skills
- Thorough understanding of the client and server-side scripting.
- Testing cross-browser inconsistencies.
- Conduction observational user testing,
- Programming interaction with JavaScript, PHP, JQuery.
Once the website is designed, built, and well tested, it should be published in order to make it available over the web. In order to publish your website, you need the following prerequisite.
- Web development software: used for building web pages of your website. E.g. WordPress, Dreamweaver.
- Internet connection: required to access the remotely located web server.
- Web server: actual location where your website resides on.
Preparing for a job interview in Web Development. I am sure you want to know the most common 2018 Web Development Interview Questions and answers that will help you crack the Web Development Interview Questions with ease.
Below are a few 2018 Web Development Interview Questions that are asked in interviews and will help you understand Web Development in detail. This question is divided into two parts are as follows:
Part 1 – Web development Interview Questions (Basic)
This first part covers basic Web development interview questions and answers
1. What are the new DocType and Charset in HTML5?
Answer:
The doctype element communicates the HTML version to the browser. It usually appears in the first line of code of an HTML page.
<! doctype html>
The CharSet is a new meta tag attribute in HTML5 which configures the character encoding.
<meta charset = “UTF-8”>
2. Does HTML5 provide a drag and drop facility? How do you set an element as draggable?
Answer:
To set an image as draggable, initialize the draggable attribute with true
<img draggable = “true”>
Let us move to the next Web development interview questions.
3. How does CSS3 differ from CSS?
Answer:
CSS3 is the most recent version of CSS. It has introduced a bunch of new tags to give a better user experience. Some new features of CSS3 are rounded corners, animation, custom layout, and media queries.
4. What are the transitions in CSS3?
Answer:
This is the basic Web Development Interview Questions that are asked in an interview. CSS3 transitions help to create an easy and fast animation effect. They not only give us control to change the value of a property but also let it proceed slowly for a given duration.
5. What are pseudo-classes in CSS3?
Answer:
A pseudo-class is a CSS technique to set the style when the element changes its state.
For example:
- Edit the style upon mouse hover event.
- Set style when the element gets focus.
- Apply different styles for visited/unvisited links.
Selector: pseudo-class
{
Property:value;
}
Part 2 – Web development Interview Questions (Advanced)
Let us now have a look at the advanced Web development Interview Questions.
6. What is difference between <window.onload> and <OnDocumentReady>?
Answer:
The <onload> event doesn’t invoke until the page gets finished loading of CSS and images. It could cause a significant delay in the rendering of the web page.
As web developers, we have to ensure the page should load as quickly as possible. The event <OnDocumentReady> lets us only wait for the DOM to initialize instead of delaying any action required.
7. What is the use of the <this> keyword in JavaScript?
Answer:
This is one of the most popular Web Development Interview Questions. The <this> keyword refers to the current object in the program. It is usually available inside a method for referencing the current variable or current object.
8. Explain What are key responsibilities of a web developer?
Answer:
- A program, test, and build all web applications.
- Uploading sites onto the server and registering with different search engines.
- Fix bugs, troubleshoot and resolve problems.
- Develop appropriate code structure to solve specific tasks.
- Support and assist in the upkeep and maintenance of websites.
9. What a web developer should know?
Answer:
A good web developer should know the following
- HTML
- CSS
- SQL
- PHP/Ruby/Python
- JQuery
- JavaScript
Let us move to the next Web development interview questions.
10. Explain what CORS is? How does it work?
Answer:
CORS (Cross-origin resource sharing) is a mechanism that enables many resources (e.g. JavaScript, fonts etc.) on a web page to be requested from another domain outside the domain from which the resource originated. It is a mechanism supported in HTML5 that manages XMLHttpRequest access to a domain.
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